NURS 8100/8100F/8100M/8100A:Week 1: The Health Care System, Part 1 Essay Assignment Paper

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NURS 8100/8100F/8100M/8100A:Week 1: The Health Care System, Part 1 Essay Assignment Paper

NURS 8100/8100F/8100M/8100A: Healthcare Policy and Advocacy | Week 1

The evolution of health care in the United States has been a roller-coaster story of good intentions that were often buffeted by economic and social change, compromised by special interests, and beset by passionate differences of opinion. The primary goals of health care reform have been fairly consistent: to increase access, lower costs, and improve quality. Many efforts to bring about change, however, have not resulted in policy. Why has this been such a challenge? What barriers have prevented reform efforts from being successful? Exactly how to fix the weaknesses of the current health care system continues to be an issue of public and political debate, and one which continues to be played out in the policy arena.

This week, you will examine the history and evolution of health care and consider how health care financing has been central in shaping the current system. You also will examine provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA)—a groundbreaking attempt at reforming the U.S. health care system by the enactment of new policy.

Objectives

Students will:

• Analyze principal features of the U.S. health care system
• Evaluate the policy process in relation to challenges for health care reform
• Access online learning resources for professional growth and development

Learning Resources

Required Readings

Bodenheimer, T., & Grumbach, K. (2016). Understanding health policy: A clinical approach (7th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical.

• Chapter 1, “Introduction: The Paradox of Excess and Deprivation”This chapter introduces the concept of “excess and deprivation”—p eople receiving either too little or too much health care, which contributes to the weakness of the health care system.
• Chapter 2, “Paying for Health Care”This chapter discusses the evolution of health care financing, including out-of–pocket payments, individual private insurance, employment-based insurance, and government-financed insurance.
• Chapter 3, “Access to Health Care”This chapter focuses on financial and nonfinancial barriers to health care and concludes with influences to one’s health status unrelated to health care.
• Chapter 4,“Paying Health Care Providers”This chapter provides information on how physicians and hospitals are paid.

HealthCare.gov. (n.d.). Understanding the Affordable Care Act. Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/rights/index.html

 

Posted by U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, this article provides an introduction to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (PPACA).

HealthCare.gov. (n.d.). Understanding the Affordable Care Act: About the law. Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/rights/law/index.html

 

Also posted by U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, this article focuses on specific provisions of the law and outlines how it will increase access to affordable health coverage.

In Week 1 of this course, you are required to subscribe to one of the health information services listed below. In preparation, review these different sites:

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2010). AHRQ PSNet Patient Safety Network. Retrieved from http://psnet.ahrq.gov/

ModernHealthcare.com. (n.d.). Registration is free: The news is invaluable. Retrieved from https://home.modernhealthcare.com/clickshare/addAccountFree.do

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (2011). Publications and research. Retrieved from http://www.rwjf.org/?topicid=1318

The Commonwealth Fund. (2010). The Commonwealth Fund. Retrieved from http://www.commonwealthfund.org/

The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. (2011). New & noteworthy. Retrieved from http://www.kff.org/

NURS 8100/8100F/8100M/8100A:Week 1: The Health Care System, Part 1 Essay Assignment Paper

Required Media

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2011). Healthcare policy and advocacy: The policy process. Baltimore: Author.

 

Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 11 minutes.

In this media presentation, Dr. Kominski and Dr. Zelman discuss the policy process and provide an overview of the influence of policy on health care practices. Dr. Zelman also discusses the challenges of passing new policy and relates this to health care reform efforts.

Optional Resources

Hammer, D., Phillips, B., & Schmidt, T. L. (2010). The intended and unintended consequences of health care reform. Healthcare Financial Management, 64(10), 50–55.

Rettenmaier, A. J., & Saving, T. R. (2011, January 5). Reforming Medicare: The Affordable Care Act versus the Rivlin/Ryan proposal. National Center for Policy Analysis. Retrieved from http://www.ncpathinktank.org/pub/ba736

Stephens, J. H., & Ledlow, G. R. (2010). Real health care reform: focus on primary care access. Hospital Topics, 88(4), 98–106.

Discussion: Health Care Reform

After much public and political debate, in March 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) was signed into law by President Barack Obama. The PPACA is one of many health care reform efforts that have sought to correct key features of the U.S. health care system such as financing, service delivery, and care coordination. This week, you will examine the passage of PPACA as a milestone along the historical continuum of health care reform in the United States.

To prepare:

• Review this week’s Learning Resources and media presentation, reflecting on the evolution of health care in the United States and the public’s response to health care reform efforts historically and currently.
• Consider: What principal features of the U.S. health care system helped or hindered the enactment of federal health reform in March 2010? What challenges were encountered?
• How do these conditions and/or challenges reflect characteristics of the policy process and the political environment?

By Day 3

Post a cohesive response that addresses the following:

• Analyze at least one important feature of the U.S. health care system that is of particular interest to you. Explain why you think this feature is significant in terms of health policy and reform.
• Describe one or more conditions or challenges specifically related to the passing of the PPACA. Explain how this exemplifies the nature of the policy-making process, and evaluate how it could relate to the question of why health reform in the United States has been so difficult.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ postings.

NURS 8100/8100F/8100M/8100A:Week 1: The Health Care System, Part 1 Essay Assignment Paper

By Day 6

Respond to at least two of your colleagues in one or more of the following ways:

• Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, evidence or research.
• Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
• Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own research in the Walden Library.
• Validate an idea with your own experience and additional research.
• Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
• Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.

Note: Please see the Syllabus and Discussion Rubric for formal Discussion question posting and response evaluation criteria.

Return to this Discussion in a few days to read the responses to your initial posting. Note what you learned and/or any insights you gained as a result of the comments made by your colleagues.

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