NURS 6301:Week 9: Hematological System Essay Assignment Paper

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NURS 6301:Week 9: Hematological System Essay Assignment Paper

NURS 6301: Advanced Pathopharmacology | Week 9

Often in the medical field, an emphasis is placed on the importance of the heart and the lungs. While these two organs are vital to the sustainability of life, blood is what makes the cardiovascular and respiratory systems function—it is the connection for the heart and lungs. For this reason, disorders of the hematological system can be potentially devastating for patients. Consider the case of Connie Prochnow. She was diagnosed with leukemia after seeking medical care for bruising, shortness of breath, and exhaustion. Her blood disorder resulted in alterations that impacted other body systems, including her respiratory system (UW Health, 2012). Since the heart and the lungs rely so heavily on the blood, it is important that hematological disorders are quickly identified and managed.

This week, you explore the pathophysiology of hematologic disorders and the types of drugs used in treatment. You also examine the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of hematologic disorders and on effects of prescribed drugs.

Reference:

UW Health. (2012). Restoring hope: A cancer patient shares her story [Online article]. Retrieved from http://www.uwhealth.org/uw-carbone-cancer-center/restoring-hope-a-cancer-patient-shares-her-story/20371

Learning Objectives

Students will:

• Analyze the pathophysiology of hematologic disorders
• Analyze types of drugs prescribed to treat hematologic disorders
• Evaluate the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of hematologic disorders
• Evaluate the impact of patient factors on the effects of prescribed drugs for hematologic disorders

Learning Resources

Required Readings

Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

• Chapter 20, “Structure and Function of the Hematologic System”This chapter examines components of the hematologic system, development of blood cells, mechanisms of hemostasis, and hematologic value changes in pediatrics and geriatrics. It also focuses on common blood tests for hematologic disorders. 
• Chapter 21, “Alterations of Hematologic Function”This chapter focuses on common alterations of hematologic function, including alterations of erythrocyte function, leukocyte function, lymphoid function, splenic function, platelets, and coagulation. 
• Chapter 22, “Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children”This chapter expands on alterations of hematologic function by presenting disorders that affect children, such as disorders of erythrocytes, coagulation, and platelets.

Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V. & Reinhold, J. A.  (Eds.). (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

• Chapter 51, “Anemias”This chapter examines causes of various types of anemia and associated cell alterations. It also explores types of drugs used for treatment and patient factors to consider when initiating drug therapy.

Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from www.drugs.com

This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs, including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

Optional Resources

American Sickle Cell Anemia Association. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.ascaa.org/

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Retrieved August 10, 2012, from http://www.cdc.gov

Haymarket Media, Inc. (2012). Monthly prescribing reference [Online database]. Retrieved from http://www.empr.com/

Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/

Medscape. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/

Discussion: Hematologic Disorders

In the 1970s, the average lifespan for patients diagnosed with sickle cell disease was 14 years. Today, the average lifespan has increased to 50 years and beyond (TriHealth, 2012). The patient prognosis for many other hematologic disorders, such as hemophilia and cancer, continue to improve, as well. This can be attributed to advancements in medical care—specifically, drug therapy and treatment. When managing drug therapies for patients, it is essential to continually examine current treatments and evaluate the impact of patient factors on drug effectiveness. To prepare for your role as an advanced practice nurse, it is important for you to become familiar with common drug treatments for various hematologic disorders seen in clinical settings.

To prepare:

• Review Chapter 21 of the Huether and McCance text and Chapter 49 and Chapter 50 of the Arcangelo text.

If your last name begins with the letters A–L:

• Select one of the following hematologic disorders: anemia, cancer, white blood cell disorders, or thrombolytic disorders. Consider the pathophysiology, as well as the types of drugs that would be used to treat your selected disorder.
• Select one of the following factors: age or behavior. Consider how your selected factor might impact the pathophysiology of the disorder. Then, reflect on how your selected factor might impact the effects of drug treatments, as well as measures you might take to help reduce any negative effects.

If your last name begins with the letters M–Z:

• Select one of the following genetic hematologic disorders: sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, or hemophilia. Consider the pathophysiology, as well as the types of drugs that would be used to treat your selected disorder.
• Select one of the following factors: gender or ethnicity. Consider how your selected factor might impact the pathophysiology of the disorder. Then, reflect on how your selected factor might impact the effects of drug treatments, as well as measures you might take to help reduce any negative side effects.

By Day 3

Post a description of the hematologic disorder you selected, including its pathophysiology and types of drugs that would be prescribed to treat patients. Then, explain how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of the disorder as well as the effects of prescribed drugs. Explain measures you might take to help reduce any negative side effects.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

By Day 6

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who were assigned to select from a different list of hematologic disorders than you. For instance, if you were assigned to A–L, you would respond to colleagues who were assigned to M–Z. Provide alternative recommendations for drug treatments.

Reference:

TriHealth. (2012). Sickle cell disease [Overview]. Retrieved from http://trihealth.adam.com/content.aspx?productId=10&pid=10&gid=000058

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