NURS 6301:Week 5: Cardiovascular System Essay Assignment Paper

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NURS 6301:Week 5: Cardiovascular System Essay Assignment Paper

NURS 6301: Advanced Pathopharmacology | Week 5

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2008, more than 616,000 people in the United States died of complications related to cardiovascular disorders. This accounts for approximately 25% of deaths in the United States (CDC, 2012). Cardiovascular disorders are also one of the leading causes of illness and death in the world. You have the opportunity, as an advanced practice nurse, to lower the prevalence of these disorders through patient education and preventive-care services. As you assist physicians in the diagnosis and recommendation of drug therapies for patients, you must understand the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders, as well as factors that increase risks.

This week, you examine the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders and their associated alterations. You also explore the impact of patient factors on these disorders and the drugs that are used to treat them. Finally, you consider ways to educate patients on the management and prevention of cardiovascular disorders.

Reference:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Heart disease facts [Statistical report]. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/facts.htm

Learning Objectives

Students will:

• Analyze the pathophysiology of cardiovascular alterations
• Analyze types of drugs used to treat cardiovascular alterations
• Evaluate the impact of patient factors on cardiovascular alterations
• Evaluate the impact of patient factors on the effects of prescribed drugs for cardiovascular alterations
• Analyze methods of patient education

Required Readings

Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2017). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

• Chapter 23, “Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems”This chapter examines the circulatory system, heart, systemic circulation, and lymphatic system to establish a foundation for normal cardiovascular function. It focuses on the structure and function of various parts of the circulatory system to illustrate normal blood flow.We have advanced nursing paper writers to help on NURS 6301:Week 5: Cardiovascular System Essay Assignment Paper
• Chapter 24, “Alterations of Cardiovascular Function”This chapter presents the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, evaluation, and treatment of various cardiovascular disorders. It focuses on diseases of the veins and arteries, disorders of the heart wall, heart disease, and shock. 
• Chapter 25, “Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children”This chapter examines cardiovascular disorders that affect children. It distinguishes congenital heart disease from acquired cardiovascular disorders.

Arcangelo, V. P., Peterson, A. M., Wilbur, V. & Reinhold, J. A.  (Eds.). (2017). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (4th ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

• Chapter 19, “Hypertension”This chapter examines the relationships between the cardiovascular, nervous, and renal systems. It then describes diagnostic criteria for hypertension patients, drugs used to treat hypertension and possible adverse reactions, monitoring patient response, and patient education. 
• Chapter 20, “Hyperlipidemia”This chapter explores causes of hyperlipidemia, treatments for hyperlipidemia patients, and methods for monitoring patient response. It also reviews strategies for risk assessment and patient education.
• Chapter 21, “Chronic Stable Angina”This chapter begins by exploring factors that contribute to chronic stable angina, types of drugs used in treatment, and diagnostic criteria for initiating drug therapy. It also examines methods for monitoring patient response to treatment and educating patients on self-care.
• Chapter 22, “Heart Failure”This chapter examines the process of prescribing drugs to treat heart failure. It also explores effects of prescribed drugs, proper dosages, and possible adverse reactions.

Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from www.drugs.com

This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs, including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

Required Media

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012a). Alterations of cardiovascular function. Baltimore, MD: Author.

This media presentation outlines common alterations of cardiovascular function including disorders of the veins and arteries.

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012f). Hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Baltimore, MD: Author.

This media presentation outlines hypertension and hyperlipidemia including contributing factors, evaluation, treatment, and implications.

Optional Resources

American Heart Association. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Retrieved August 10, 2012, from http://www.cdc.gov

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Million hearts [Online resource]. Retrieved from http://millionhearts.hhs.gov/index.html

Haymarket Media, Inc. (2012). Monthly prescribing reference [Online database]. Retrieved from http://www.empr.com/

Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/

National Hear

t Lung and Blood Institute. (n.d.). Retrieved August 10, 2012, from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/

Discussion: Cardiovascular Disorders

As the leading cause of death in the United States for both men and women, cardiovascular disorders account for 7 million hospitalizations per year (NCSL, 2012). This is the result of the extensive treatment and care that is often required for patients with cardiovascular disorders. While some disorders progress slowly, others progress rapidly and may lead to death in a matter of minutes. Therefore, it is important that you, as an advanced practice nurse, are able to quickly recognize signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disorders. As you assist physicians with the diagnosis and treatment of patients, it is essential to consider individual patient factors that might impact treatment and care.

To prepare:

• Review this week’s media presentations on alterations of cardiovascular function and hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
• Select one of the following alterations of cardiovascular disorders:
  • Anaphylactic shock
  • Chronic venous insufficiency
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Coronary artery disease
  • Dysrhythmia
  • Heart murmur
  • Hypertension
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Peripheral arterial disease
  • Venous thrombosis
• Consider the pathophysiology of the alteration you selected, as well as drugs that would be used for treatment.
• Select one of the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior. Think about how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of the alteration and effects of prescribed drugs.
• Reflect on how to educate these patients on the alteration, treatment options, management, and self-care.

By Day 3

Post a description of the pathophysiology of the alteration you selected, as well as drugs that would be used for treatment. Then, explain how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology and effects of prescribed drugs. Finally, explain how to educate patients on the alteration, treatment options, management, and self-care.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

By Day 6

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected different cardiovascular alterations and factors than you, in one or more of the following ways:

• Share insights on how the factor you selected impacts the pathophysiology of the cardiovascular alteration your colleague selected.
• Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.

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